Wave propagation in free space, wave propagation in dielectrics, forward and backward travelling wave, poynting theorem and wave power, energy of the radiated wave, propagation in good conductors and good dielectrics, skin effect, wave polarization, linearly, elliptically and circularly polarized waves. Wave propagation 334 which can be understood easily from equation 2. Plane electromagnetic waves and wave propagation 1 an historical perspective. Some chapters which open doors to more advanced topics, such as wave theory, special relativity, emission of radiation by charges and antennas, are included. A set of coupled, vector integral equations which characterize the system are derivecl. Inside a conductor, free charges can movemigrate around in response to em. Reflection and refraction of plane waves normal and oblique incidences, for both perfect conductors and perfect dielectrics, brewster angle and total internal reflection, surface impedance. Waves in lossy dielectrics lecture outline complex wave parameters visualization of em waves complex wave parameters for special cases lossy dielectrics general case good dielectrics good conductors slide 2 1 2. Wave propagation in lossy media wave propagation in lossy media dielectrics differ from conductors in that they have few if any free charges available for conduction. In this article, you will find the study notes on em wave propagation which will cover the topics such as introduction, wave propagation in lossy dielectrics, plane waves in free space, plane waves in lossless dielectrics, plane waves in good conductors, the incidence of em wave and polarization 1. Introduction to the propagating wave on a single conductor. Introduction to the propagating wave on a single conductor introductory descriptions of coax often proceed along the lines of illustration 1.
Propagation of plane em wave in conducting medium or lossy dielectrics a lossy dielectric medium is one which an em wave as it propagates losses power owing to imperfect dielectric,that is a lossy dielectric is an imperfect conductor that is a partially conducting medium. A lossy dielectric medium is one which an em wave as it propagates losses power owing to imperfect dielectric,that is a lossy dielectric is an imperfect conductor that is a partially conducting medium. Monochromatic plane wave solutions to the wave equation. The answers for the problems are given at the end of the book. In any current course on wave propagation, it seemed essential to mention, at least, the quite amazing results being found on exact, solutions for the kortewegde vries equation and related equations. They do, however, have fixed, or bound, charges that influence the field within the material. Calculate the phase velocity of an electromagnetic wave in a dielectric medium. Recall that in a simple dielectric material, we derived the wave equations.
In the absence of free charge and current densities the maxwell equations are. Magnetics, dielectrics, and wave propagation with matlab. Given a plane wave incident on a highlyconducting surface, the electric field and thus the current density is found to be concentrated at the. Electromagnetic and optical pulse propagation volume 2. Reflectivity of dielectrics 2 2 n n consider nearlylossless optical materials. Let us develop formulations for wave propagation in lossy dielectrics. Cartesian coordinates, circular cylindrical coordinates, spherical coordinates.
The equations enforce the necessary boundary conditions on the tangential electric and magnetic fields at the boundarics separating the conductors and dielectrics. We will discuss the dispersive nature of dielectric, nonconducting materials. Wave propagation in lossy media wave propagation in. Instead, it connects phenomenological approaches with comprehensive microscopic formulations to provide a new and sufficiently broad physical perspective. For a lhcp wave the vector field rotates in anticlockwise direction. We have studied the propagation of a cylindrical wave along a round dielectric rod immersed into a high loss medium and a spherical wave. Assistant professor, department of electrical engineering, sukkur iba jan 01, 2016.
In lossless and conducting media polarization wave propagation. Modeling inside building electromagnetic wave propagation. Plane electromagnetic waves and wave propagation 7. Many gases, liquids and solids are good dielectrics and we begin with the effects of an oscillating electric field on such dielectrics. We shall analyze the source terms in the maxwells equations to simplify maxwells equations in a conductor. Electromagnetic waves in conducting media university of liverpool. Wave propagation in lossless and conducting media, conductors and dielectrics characterization, wave propagation in good conductors and good dielectrics, polarization, illustrative problems. Propagation direction coherent light barrier with double slits constructive interference.
Ee6302 electromagnetic theory previous year question. Plane waves in free space and good conductors power and poynting vector. Em wave propagation study notes for electronics and. The electromagnetic wave propagation on the interface between low and high loss dielectrics article pdf available in advances in condensed matter physics 20102 november 2010 with. Each chapter contains numerous problems ranging in difficulty from simple applications to challenging. Pdf ec6503 transmission lines and wave guides tlwg. Plane waves in free space and good conductors power and. A medium that is regarded as good conductor at low frequency may be a good dielectric at high frequencies. Electromagnetic waves in dielectric media university of liverpool. The same phenomenon occurs for a current carrying conductor such as a wire. The attenuation length in a conductor is known as the skin depth.
Propagation in a dielectric waveguide may be viewed in the same way, with the waves confined to the dielectric by total internal reflection at its surface. Therefore, the polarization of a uniform plane wave is circular if the amplitudes of two components of electric field vector are equal and having a phase. Given a plane wave incident on a highlyconducting surface, the electric field and thus the current density is found to be concentrated at the surface of the conductor. Timevarying magnetic field generates electric fi ldfield.
Magnetic field of plane wave the magnetic eld of a plane wave in a good conductor can be found using m4. The wave propagation on closed curved interface a rod or ball between low and high loss dielectrics was studied and compared with wellknown wave propagation problem on flat plane interface between low loss and high loss media. Waves are means of transporting energy or information. Dielectrics and conductors in this lecture you will learn. Propagation of electromagnetic waves in dielectric medium. Since this has now become such a huge subject, the choice was to present a new approach we have developed largely by r.
Some structures, such as nonradiative dielectric waveguides and the goubau line, use both metal walls and dielectric surfaces to confine the wave. Electromagnetic theory and transmission lines pdf notes. Propagation of plane em wave in conducting medium or. The conduction current in a conductor is the cause of the di. Electromagnetic wave propagation in conductors a socalled ohmic conductor is a medium that satisfies ohms law, which can be written in the form 862 where is the current density i. Electromagnetic waves electromagnetism wiley online. Propagation of electromagnetic waves in and around plasmas. Poynting vector and poynting theorem, power loss in a plane conductor. However, in the case at 120 torr of he, the working point goes far aw ay from the two planes below zpe and leaves a trajectory on the k k r i, plane. Thus, we conclude that the amplitude of an electromagnetic wave propagating through a conductor decays exponentially on some lengthscale, which is termed the skindepth.
Electromagnetic wave generation and equations wave parameters. Imagine the electron clouds surrounding the atoms constituting the medium while an em wave passes through. This chapter analyzes the propagation of electromagnetic waves in vacuum, dielectrics, conductors, and plasmas, and briefly examines their quantization and emission. Radiation, scattering, interference, and diffraction 327 kb download em chapter 9. Electromagnetic wave propagation 721 kb download em chapter 8. Strengths of electric and magnetic fields in em waves. The dalemberts wave equation admits spherical wave solutions. Notes 7 1 wave propagation in dielectric media dielectrics differ from conductors in that they have few if any free charges available for conduction. Equations in jackson will be examined in greater detail, but in somewhat. Consideration of the propagation of electromagnetic waves in matter can be conveniently divided into two cases. In general, for propagation of wave, characteristics of any medium doesnt only depend on the parameters, but also on frequency of operation. Differential length, area and volume, line surface and volume integrals, del operator, gradient of a scalar, divergence of a vector and divergence theorem, curl of a vector.
Reflection and refraction of plane waves normal and oblique incidences, for both perfect conductor and perfect. The electromagnetic wave propagation on the interface. Volume 2 presents a detailed asymptotic description of plane wave pulse propagation in dielectric, conducting, and semiconducting materials as described by the classical lorentz model of dielectric resonance, the rocardpowlesdebye model of orientational polarization, and the drude model of metals. Electromagnetic waves and antennas rutgers university. Guided waves and transmission linesparallel plane waveguides. Furthermore, the current flowing through the inner conductor induces an. In this chapter, we will study electromagnetic wave propagation in conductors, dielectrics and plasmas. Propagation of electromagnetic waves in dielectric medium 1 in dielectric medium there is no charge carrier so current density will be zero. Conductors and dielectricscharacterization, wave propagation in good dielectrics and good conductors, polarization.
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